How Might Penguins Be Able to Survive at the Equator
The Galapagos penguin that lives in the north of the equator, this small species is confined to the Galapagos Islands, which are on both sides of the equator. It has few degrees of latitude.
The Galapagos penguins are closely related to the other temperature penguins that live on the coasts of Africa, and South America and are more distantly related to the Antarctic penguins. These Galapagos species can survive at the equator because of the unique biogeography of the Galapagos Islands.
In Antarctica, cold and productive water travels from the Antarctica Ocean via the Humboldt Current, which flows to this island group.
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